Orthography
The Orthography tier in Phon encodes the spoken form of the utterance in the target language. Within Orthography (and all Phon tiers) words are idenfied using space. Each word may be modifed using the prefixes and suffixes defined below. Events and comments may also be defined inline.
Word Prefix
| Prefix | Category | Example |
|---|---|---|
0 |
word omission (omitted from word alignment) | 0word |
&+ |
incomplete | &+ba |
&- |
filler | &-um |
& |
fragment | &ba |
Special Form Markers
The following special form markers are available in Phon and are added to the end of a word. Special form markers will appear highlighted in green in the Record Data view.
| Suffix | Category | Example |
|---|---|---|
@a |
addition | xxx@a |
@b |
babbling | abame@b |
@c |
child-invented form | gumma@c |
@d |
dialect form | younz@d |
@e |
echolalia, repetition | want@e more@e |
@f |
family-specific form | bunko@f |
@fs |
filled-syllable | uh@fs |
@fp |
filled-pause | xxx@fp |
@g |
general special form | gonga@g |
@i |
interjection, interaction | uhhuh@i |
@k |
multiple letters | ka@k |
@l |
letter | b@l |
@n |
neologism | broked@b |
@si |
singing | lalala@si |
@sl |
signed language | apple@sl |
@sas |
sign & speech | apple@sas |
@t |
test word | wut@t |
@u |
unibet transcription | binga@u |
@wp |
word play | goobarumba@wp |
@x |
excluded words | stuff@x |
@z:* |
user-defined code | word@z:rtfd |
Punctuation
The following list of punctuation characters are allowed: # @ % ^ & { } $
= , . ! ?. Punctuation characters are always separated from words by a
space.
Special Sequences
If the word content is either xxx, yyy
or www the word is considered to be 'untranscribed.'
Untranscribed word should be aligned with '*' in IPA Target and IPA Actual
tiers.
Inline Comments
Inline comments are enclosed within parentheses - '(' and
')' - or asterisks - '*'. Comments
may include any character data. When converting to/from CHAT data, some comments may
have the syntax type:comment. Comments enclosed with
asterisks are considered to be 'events' which occur within the utterance.
Pauses
A special type of comment is an intra-word pause. Intra-word pauses are defined by comments consisting of one to three periods indicating the perceived length of the pause. Pauses are included in word alignment and should be aligned with the complimentary pause in IPA Target and IPA Actual tiers.